The following are references to research and resources exploring cultural humility, competence, equity, and inclusive practices in occupational and physical therapy education and care.
Open Access:
- "Cultural Competence and Cultural Humility: A Dialogue on Frameworks for Physical Therapist Education" (Journal of Physical Therapy Education) — Discusses why both frameworks are necessary for comprehensive clinical education.
- "Comparison of Teaching Strategies for Cultural Humility in Physical Therapy" (PubMed) — A longitudinal study evaluating how different teaching methods shift students from "culturally aware" to "culturally competent".
- "Stories and Cultural Humility: Exploring Power and Privilege in Physical Therapy" — A qualitative study examining how life experiences shape a therapist's ability to address power imbalances in practice.
Limited Access Articles:
- "Moving From Cultural Competence to Cultural Humility in Occupational Therapy: A Paradigm Shift" (Agner, 2020) — A foundational article arguing that humility is a more effective approach than static competence for diverse client populations.
- https://research.aota.org/ajot/article-abstract/74/4/7404347010p1/8449/…- Cultural-Competence-to-Cultural?redirectedFrom=fulltext
- "Cultural Humility Practices in Occupational Therapy Services" (Singh et al., 2025) — This recent article discusses how to integrate humility at every stage of the OT practice process.
- https://research.aota.org/ajot/article-abstract/79/2/7902180080/26083/C…- Practices-in-Occupational?redirectedFrom=fulltext
- "Cultivating Cultural Humility in Occupational Therapy through Experiential Strategies and Modeling" (Anderson, 2022) — Focuses on how educators and practitioners can use modeling and lived experiences to build these skills.
- https://research.aota.org/ajot/article-abstract/79/2/7902180080/26083/C…- Practices-in-Occupational?redirectedFrom=fulltext
- "Measuring Cultural Effectiveness in Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy: A Scoping Review" (Shin et al., 2025) — A comprehensive review of how these concepts are defined and measured across both professions.
Miscellaneous:
- APTA's DEI Toolkit — The American Physical Therapy Association provides a central hub for cultural competence resources, including self-reflection guides.